“This work helps us to better understand naive pluripotency in primate cells,” adds co-corresponding author Qiang Sun of CAS. “This study deepens our understanding of the developmental potential of pluripotent stem cells in primate species.” “In this study, we have provided strong evidence that naive monkey pluripotent stem cells possess the capability of differentiating in vivo into all the various tissues composing a monkey body,” says co-corresponding author Miguel Esteban of BGI Research and CAS. In both animals, they also confirmed the presence of stem-cell-derived cells in the testes and in cells that eventually develop into sperm cells. The numbers were lower in the monkey fetus. In the live monkey, the contribution of the stem cells in the different tissue types ranged from 21% to 92%, with an average of 67% across the 26 different types of tissue that were tested. The tissue types they tested that contained the stem-cell-derived cells included the brain, heart, kidney, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. They also used gene sequencing and other tests to confirm the presence of stem-cell-derived tissue across different organs. The investigators used the green fluorescent protein label to determine which tissues contained cells derived from the injected stem cells. The embryos were implanted into female macaques, resulting in 12 pregnancies and six live births.Īnalysis confirmed that one monkey that was born alive and one fetus that was miscarried were substantially chimeric, containing cells that grew out of the stem cells throughout their bodies. Ultimately, they selected a particular subset of stem cells to inject into early monkey morula embryos (embryos that are 4–5 days old). The stem cells were also labeled with green fluorescent protein so the researchers would be able to determine which tissues had grown out of the stem cells in any animals that developed and survived. They performed a number of different tests on the cells to confirm that they were pluripotent-having the ability to differentiate into all of the cell types needed to create a live animal. They then placed the cell lines in culture to give them enhanced ability to differentiate into different cell types. The investigators first established nine stem cell lines using cells removed from 7-day-old blastocyst embryos. The monkeys used in the study were cynomolgus monkeys, also known as crab-eating or long-tailed macaques, a primate common in biomedical research. Specifically, this work could help us to generate more precise monkey models for studying neurological diseases as well as for other biomedicine studies.” “This research not only has implications for understanding naive pluripotency in other primates, including humans, but it also has relevant practical implications for genetic engineering and species conservation. “This is a long-sought goal in the field,” says senior author Zhen Liu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The details of the research are reported November 9 in the journal Cell. This has previously been demonstrated in rats and mice but, until now, has not been possible in other species, including non-human primates. This “chimeric” monkey is composed of cells that originate from two genetically distinct embryos of the same species of monkey. Images showing the green fluorescence signals in different body parts of the live-birth chimeric monkey at the age of 3 days view moreĪ team of researchers in China has reported for the first time the live birth of a monkey that contains a high proportion of cells derived from a monkey stem cell line.
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